Which Elements Make Up the Earth?

There are 118 elements in the periodic table. But just eight of them make up 99% of the Earth’s mass: oxygen, silicon, aluminium, iron, calcium, sodium, potassium and magnesium. When the Earth was formed, the dense elements sank towards the core. This meant that the Earth’s crust has a larger proportion of lighter elements like oxygen and aluminium. All of the elements in the periodic table above the number 83 are radioactive. And from number 98 onwards, the elements have such a short half-life that scientists can only observe them in laboratories.

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